METHOD OF MACRO MICROSCOPIC PREPARATION OF SUPERFICIAL VESSELS AND NERVES OF THE FACE

Abstract

The study of the age-related morphology of the surface structures of the face at the stages of the postnatal period of human ontogenesis under normal conditions allows both morphologists and clinicians to signifi cantly understand several pathological changes, reveal the causality of destructive processes, and propose anatomically based methods of pain relief and surgical interventions. Recently, in connection with the development of maxillofacial surgery, the details of the macromicroscopic preparation of the surface vessels and nerves of the human face are of great interest, which is of important practical importance for establishing the forms of individual anatomical variability.The purpose of the study was to determine the most rational sequence of actions during the preparation of surface vessels and nerves of the face.The study of the fetal anatomy of the superfi cial vessels and nerves of the face was carried out on 18 preparations of human fetuses of 4-10 months using macromicroscopic preparation, injection of vessels, and morphometry without external signs of anatomical deviations or congenital malformations of the structures of the head.The proposed and tested method of dissection of superfi cial vascular- nervous structures of the face in human fetuses ensures the standardization of obtaining data on the typical, individual, and age-related anatomical variability of the branches of the facial and trigeminal nerves and their nerve connections, some branches of the external carotid artery, namely: facial and superfi cial temporal arteries, infl ow of facial, superfi cial temporal and submandibular veins, as well as intra- and intersystem arterial and venous anastomoses. Variants of blood supply and innervation of facial muscles in human fetuses of diff erent ages have been established.The sequence of actions used during the preparation of superfi cial arterial and venous vessels and nerves of the face will help maxillofacial and plastic surgeons to individually choose the most rational method of surgical intervention for the restoration of defects of the head area, as well as the method of analgesia.