Abstract
Time Series Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (TS-InSAR) has high accuracy for monitoring slow surface subsidence. However, in the case of a large-scale mining subsidence areas, the monitoring capabilities of TS-InSAR are poor, owing to temporal and spatial decorrelation. To monitor mining subsidence effectively, a method known as Probability Integration Model Small Baseline Set (PIM-SBAS) was applied. In this method, mining subsidence with a large deformation gradient was simulated by a PIM. After simulated deformation was transformed into a wrapped phase, the residual wrapped phase was obtained by subtracting the simulated wrapped phase from the actual wrapped phase. SBAS was used to calculate the residual subsidence. Finally, the mining subsidence was determined by adding the simulated deformation to the residual subsidence. The time series subsidence of the Nantun mining area was derived from 10 TerraSAR-X (TSX) images for the period 25 December 2011 to 2 April 2012. The Zouji highway above the 9308 workface was the target for study. The calculated maximum mining subsidence was 860 mm. The maximum subsidence for the Zouji highway was about 145 mm. Compared with the SBAS method, PIM-SBAS alleviates the difficulty of phase unwrapping, and may be used to monitor large-scale mining subsidence.
Highlights
China is a country whose main energy source is coal; coal resources account for more than 70% of China’s energy structure, and this pattern is expected to continue into the future
differential interferometry synthetic aperture RADAR (DInSAR) has a high monitoring precision for residual surface subsidence caused by abandoned goafs
The area with large large-scale subsidence of each image pair was simulated by the PIM and the geological mining data, and simulated subsidence was transformed into wrapped phase map
Summary
China is a country whose main energy source is coal; coal resources account for more than 70% of China’s energy structure, and this pattern is expected to continue into the future. Geodetic technologies, which comprise total station surveying, precise leveling measurement, global navigation satellite system (GNSS), and GPS networks, have been used widely. These traditional methods suffer some limitations due to the need for long observation periods. DInSAR has been used to monitor surface deformation in mining areas. DInSAR has a high monitoring precision for residual surface subsidence caused by abandoned goafs. Rapid deformations and sudden collapses in mining areas are difficult to monitor effectively with conventional DInSAR
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