Abstract
Directional modulation (DM) can transmit information to the desired direction or directions with known constellation mappings, but with scrambled ones in other directions. However, one problem of the design is that when desired receivers and eavesdroppers are in the same transmission direction, their beam responses cannot be distinguished, as steering vectors for these locations are the same. To solve the problem, positional modulation (PM) is introduced where a given modulation pattern can only be received at certain desired positions. In this work, the multi-path effect is exploited for positional modulation with the aid of metasurface acting as a low-cost flexible reflecting surface. Design examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed design.
Highlights
The Fifth Generation (5G) wireless communication technology has been studied extensively [1], [2], and one crucial part is beamforming
We focus on the positional modulation problem and propose a new design by employing the metasurface as a low-cost flexible reflecting material to control the modulation pattern at different spatial locations
In this paper, positional modulation design with the aid of metasurface as a low-cost flexible reflecting surface has been introduced for the first time, where signals via line of sight (LOS) and reflected paths are combined at the receiver side
Summary
The Fifth Generation (5G) wireless communication technology has been studied extensively [1], [2], and one crucial part is beamforming. We focus on the positional modulation problem and propose a new design by employing the metasurface as a low-cost flexible reflecting material to control the modulation pattern at different spatial locations. PROPOSED DESIGN FOR POSITIONAL MODULATION USING METASURFACE PM keeps a given modulation pattern at certain desired positions by exploiting the characteristics of multi-path transmission. Wis the weight vector for all elements on metasurface to control the phase and magnitude of reflected signals. We assume in total R locations in the design (r desired locations and R − r eavesdropper locations), we have the corresponding transmission angles θk for LOS, ζk and φk for the reflected path to the k-th position, k = 0, . The above problem (30) can be solved by the CVX toolbox in MATLAB [33], [34]
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