Metaphorical use of Russian verbs naming properties of plants

Abstract

The article is devoted to the linguoculturological analysis of Russian verbs naming properties of plants. The purpose of the article is to describe the metaphorical use of verbs, the primary meaning of which belongs to the thematic group "PLANTS", special attention is paid to the possible semantic mechanisms of creating a metaphor. The subject of the study is the semantic, pragmatic and culturological features of the verbs under study. In the course of the study were used materials presented in S. Aliaffar's PhD thesis "The semantic field "plant" in the Russian language", the selection of verbs was also carried out by the method of directed sampling from the "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language" edited by D. N. Ushakov. As a result, 28 verbs were approved. Sharing the position of N.D. Arutyunova and M. Black that "the semantic mechanism of metaphor involves four components, only partially represented in its structure: the main and auxiliary subjects of metaphor and some properties of each of them, the article presents a variety of possible "main subjects", which are designated in the process of metaphorization, an attempt is made to describe and analyze the semantic mechanism of metaphor construction. The analysis of the metaphorical transfer associated with the plant world made it possible to facilitate the study of this issue, allowed us to replenish the lexicographic description of these units.