Abstract
Metamaterial-based devices show properties like negative magnetic permeability and negative electrical permittivity, which are not found naturally. Due to their extraordinary sensitivity to nearby perturbations, metamaterial structures have recently emerged as highly desirable and effective techniques of detection. Wide dynamic range, multi-functionality, and simple design and production are a few benefits of metamaterial-based structures. The sensitivity and limit of detection for sensors based on metamaterials can be enhanced by properly altering the device parameters. With the inclusion of microfluidics in metamaterial-based sensors, the sensitivity, selectivity, and detection limit can also be improved. In this review, we have focused on the various meta-surfaces employed for sensing purposes. We have provided a brief introduction to the principle and working of sensors based on meta-surfaces. The main content of the paper is a detailed review of metamaterial-inspired microwave sensor device applications in different fields. These fields include applications in biological sensing, chemical and fuel sensing, physical sensing (includes temperature, strain, displacement, and thickness measurement), and non-destructive techniques for structural health monitoring.
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