Metallic trace elements contained in the sediments of Dayet Er-Roumi Lake (Morocco)

Sara El Ghizi,Mohammed El Bouch,Mohamed Sadik,Sliman Hssaissoune,Mustapha Hasnaoui,S El Moussaoui,H Cherkaoui Dekkaki,I Etebaai,H El Talibi

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202129805004

Abstract

The contamination of aquatic ecosystems with metals remains a serious environmental problem of growing concern. Sediments are often studied as reservoirs or wells for many chemical pollutants. They are micropollutant traps; they also indicate the watercourse's historical pollution, lagoons, and lakes…Lake Dayet Er-Roumi (SIBE) is the only permanent natural lake in the Khemisset region (Morocco); this wetland is affected by several forms of pollution that are mainly linked to human activities (agricultural, domestic, industrial, etc.). The objective of our study is to contribute, through qualitative and quantitative analysis, to the assessment of lake sediment pollution by Spatio-temporal monitoring of certain toxic heavy metals such as Mn, Zn, Cr, Cd. These sediments are collected on the level of the lake's surface; the concentration of heavy metals was measured by microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscope (MP-AES). Metal analyses carried out at three measuring points during the winter season reveal a high concentration of Zn, Cr, and Mn at all stations during the winter season, which far exceeds the recommended standards, with a low level of Cd. The contamination factor "FC" and the degree of contamination "DC" reveal polymetallic contaminations dominated by two elements, zinc, and Chromium, which are the most worrying. These results clearly show that lake Dayet Er-Roumi is polluted; strategies to limit the lake's pollution must be implemented to avoid several ecological problems (fish mortality, etc.).

Highlights

Aquatic ecosystems cover 70% of the planet's surface
Whether it is a specific spot of this environment or a diffused one, These inorganic chemicals can penetrate aquatic ecosystems and integrate into the particle phase
For Degree of contamination (DC), the analysis of the results reveals polymetallic contamination dominated by two or more elements

Summary

Introduction

Aquatic ecosystems cover 70% of the planet's surface. Pollution threatens them because of human activities [1], urbanization and industrialization. Among the many compounds emitted by human activities, heavy metals are one of the major pollution sources These inorganic chemicals are being released into the environment as a result of human activities. Whether it is a specific spot of this environment (industrial and urban effluents, etc.) or a diffused one (runoff, dry and wet atmospheric deposition, etc.), These inorganic chemicals can penetrate aquatic ecosystems and integrate into the particle phase. These particles can settle on the bottom materials, where contaminants can accumulate over time [2]. Since the sediment is a dynamic and essential compartment in aquatic ecosystems and plays an essential role for many animals and plants as a habitat or a nesting site, the exposure to certain substances contained in sediments could have a serious health risk to these organisms and lead to critical or even dangerous situations affecting the ecological balance, and leading to the dysfunction of the trophic chain (low biodiversity, etc.) [3]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion