Abstract
The resource utilization of distillers' grains (DGs) is an essential issue for the sustainable development of Chinese bai jiu industry. In this study, metal oxide (MxOy, M=Mg, Al and Fe) loaded biochar (MBC) was prepared by using DGs for the production of novel adsorption/release materials for phosphate (P). The results indicated that the P adsorption capacity of Mg-BC, Al-BC and Fe-BC were as high as 14.74, 8.06 and 14.51 mg P/g, respectively. XPS and FTIR analysis demonstrated that the adsorption mechanism of MBC for P included electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, ion exchange, precipitation and ligand exchange. The release of P from M-BC+P could be controlled by low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs), which were affected by the loaded metal oxides on the biochar. The release of P from Mg-BC+P was higher than 70 % after 7 days, which was about 60 % if Al-BC+P was used. Thus, M-BC+P can be used as a high-performance controlled release phosphate fertilizer, providing a promising value-added application approach for the bai jiu distillers' grains.
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