Abstract
Biodiesel is a promising alternative for fossil fuels as it is a renewable source of energy and is considered a green fuel. Generally used method for preparation of biodiesel is catalytic transesterification. Fly ash, an inorganic waste, is a major environmental contaminant. The utilization and safe management of this material is the need of the hour. In this short communication, we report a composite of fly ash and eggshell modified with zinc oxide (ZEF) as a low-cost, efficient, and reusable heterogeneous base catalyst for transesterification reaction of waste cooking oil. The catalyst was prepared by the wet impregnation method and was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM techniques. Catalytic performance was checked in biodiesel preparation. Conditions like catalyst loading, oil: methanol ratio, temperature, and time were optimized. Product formation was confirmed by the GC analysis.
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