Metal organic framework for hydrogen storage

Abstract

Hydrogen is considered to be a clean energy alternative to non-renewable fossil fuels. Hydrogen storage using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has received more attention in recent years. Their higher pore volume, high density of interaction sites, and a wide variety of structures contribute to their greater versatility. MOFs for hydrogen storage was discussed in this article, including their mechanism, preparation, and factors. In this study, several conventional and distinct methods for the synthesis of MOFs were demonstrated in detail, including slow diffusion, hydrothermal (solvothermal), electrochemical, mechanochemical, and microwave-assisted methods. In addition, hydrogen can be adsorbed by physical and chemical adsorption. In particular, physical sorption is facilitated by relatively low heat and pressure by van der Waal’s force. To increase the uptake of hydrogen storage, strategies to improve MOFs by altering pore structure and isosteric heat were addressed. The article discusses how MOFs have the potential to meet DOE targets for hydrogen storage and explains why that is so through examples and comparisons.