Metal-organic frameworks for hydrogen storage: progression in synthetical methods on physical and chemical properties

Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with their flexibility give rise to various types that help to improve the capability of MOFs in hydrogen storage. In this article, the synthetical methods as a crucial factor in the advancement in MOFs application are detailly presented. These methods contribute to incrementing the adsorption capacity and the stability of MOFs. The tactic for this approach is mainly increased by the exchange and modification of the metal ion and ligand of the complex. The metal ion increases adsorption enthalpy, while the ligand increases surface area and pore volume. Apart from adsorption enthalpy, stability is another critical property for MOFs in hydrogen storage. The modification and alteration of the structural feature of the MOFs are two main approaches for this target. Chemical stability is primarily related to the adsorption enthalpy, which uses the same methods including the exchange of metal and ligand. The physical stability raised by using penetrated system increases the interaction strength in the MOFs. These techniques discuss the future application in areas such as the working capacity and thermostability of the MOFs. The detailed mechanisms and effects for these general types of synthetical methods are presented. Also, data and analogy with the expected use for these types of the synthetical pathway to evaluate the suitable circumstances to adopt these methods. In the end, reasonable improvements to these methods introduce interpretation to select the appropriate technique for future investigation in MOFs development.