Metal interactions with the transmembrane region of HupE Ni2 + transporter explain its efficiency

Abstract

Efficient nickel transport is crucial for the survival and virulence of various bacteria and fungi, with Ni2+ being required for the activity of nine enzymes such as [NiFe] hydrogenase, which catalyzes the reversible oxidation of molecular hydrogen for energy production.This work focuses on a region of transmembrane domain I from the HupE nickel transporter, highly conserved in the HupE/UreJ and NiCoT permease families, analyzing its interactions with native Ni2+ and two other metal ions (Cu2+ and Zn2+), which might interfere with nickel binding. Metal coordination sites are pointed out and thermodynamic parameters are discussed in detail. Their comparison to the previously studied periplasmic metal binding region satisfies our chemical curiosity and allows to draw conclusions about HupE metal specificity. The results of this study explain one of the reasons why HupE is a medium-affinity and low-capacity transporter – its periplasmic region, 22HVGLHADGTLAGLN35, binds Ni2+ with much higher affinity than the transmembrane 36HPFSGLDH43 one, which should transport the metal inside the cell. Moreover, the specificity of the transmembrane region is similar to that of the periplasmic one and to that of the full-length HupE – Cu2+ ions are able to outcompete Ni2+.