Metal Concentrations and Bio-Concentration Factor (BCF) in Surface Water and Economical Fish Species from Wadaslintang Multipurpose Dam, Wonosobo, Indonesia

Abstract

Changes in land use and increasing anthropogenic activities in the catchment area of the Wadaslintang Reservoir have the potential to pollute the water. One of the pollutants that have an impact on human health is heavy metals. This study aimed to analyze the concentrations of heavy metals cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in surface water and some economical fish, and to calculate bioconcentration factors. The samples were taken by a purposive random sampling method at the research station that represents the area of floating net cages, dam inlets, and outlets. Fish samples were obtained from fishers and floating net cage farmers. The analysis showed that the average concentration of heavy metals in fish was relatively higher than the concentration in water. The range and average concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cu in water have exceeded the second class quality standards of the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 82 of 2001. The concentration of heavy metals and cadmium in fish samples has exceeded the maximum limit of heavy metal contamination based on SNI 7387: 2009. Based on the bioconcentration factor (BCFo-w) value, and the concentration of heavy metals in the fish showed the ability offish to accumulate heavy metals in water in the order of Zn> Cd> Cu> Pb.