Abstract
Aqueous preparations of the grass Eleusine indica are used for treating malaria and lung infections. Despite its widespread occurrence and therapeutic potential, little is known about its chemical composition. This study reports a common chemical pattern for aqueous extracts of E. indica samples from four different localities, separated from each other by approximately 75 to 1340 km, in a wide variety of abiotic and biotic factors. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), ultra-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS/MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were the analytical techniques applied to characterize substances from E. indica, from each locality. Principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed that E. indica specimens came from four different localities. However, all of the four populations showed a common peaks pattern. This is the first chemical profile report of E. indica. Moreover, p-coumaric acid and isoschaftoside were characterized for the first time in this species.
Highlights
The mean of total mass from 5 g of dried plant material expressed in g ± standard error (SE) of the lyophilized aqueous extracts (n = 3) of E. indica (Ei)-AP from Belo Horizonte (BH), Barra do Piraí (BP), Ilha do Fundão (IF), and Porto Alegre (PO) were 0.68 ± 0.02, 0.74 ± 0.03, 0.76 ± 0.05, and 0.54 ± 0.02, respectively
As far as we know, we report here for the first time a common chemical pattern for aqueous extracts from aerial and underground parts of Eleusine indica, as well as the chemical composition of its underground parts, for the geographical area of study
This is the first report of the anti-inflammatory phenolic compounds p-coumaric acid and isoschaftoside in the plant
Summary
E. indica is a very common species and is accessible for human use compared to other medicinal species, especially considering low-income populations
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