Abstract
To explore metabolic characteristics during the post-hatch developmental period, metabolomic analyses of breast muscle and plasma were performed in chickens. The most significant growth-related changes in metabolite levels were observed between seven and 28 days of age. Some of these metabolites are essential nutrients or reported as growth-promoting metabolites. In the muscle, two imidazole dipeptides—carnosine and its methylated metabolite, anserine—increased with the development. These dipeptide levels may be, in part, regulated transcriptionally because in the muscle mRNA levels of carnosine synthase and carnosine methylation enzyme increased. In contrast, taurine levels in the muscle decreased. This would be substrate availability-dependent because some upstream metabolites decreased in the muscle or plasma. In branched-chain amino acid metabolism, valine, leucine, and isoleucine decreased in the muscle, while some of their downstream metabolites decreased in the plasma. The polyamines, putrescine and spermidine, decreased in the muscle. Furthermore, mRNA levels associated with insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling, which play important roles in muscle growth, increased in the muscle. These results indicate that some metabolic pathways would be important to clarify metabolic characteristics and/or growth of breast muscle during the post-hatch developmental period in chickens.
Highlights
Published: 17 January 2022During the developmental period, remarkable increases in body and tissue weights are observed in animals
(1% or 2%) fed for 28 days decreased the body weight gain and breast muscle weight [4]. These reports suggest that the positive effects of imidazole dipeptide metabolism on growth performance in chickens could be observed under certain experimental conditions, the underlying mechanisms are still not clear
Among the mRNA levels, an increase was observed in carnosine synthesis (CARNS) and carnosine methylation enzyme (CARNMT), and a tendency to decrease was observed in imidazole dipeptide degradation enzyme (CNDP)
Summary
Remarkable increases in body and tissue weights are observed in animals. Dietary β-alanine (1% or 2%) fed for 28 days (from 28 to 56 days of age) decreased the body weight gain and breast muscle weight [4] These reports suggest that the positive effects of imidazole dipeptide metabolism on growth performance in chickens could be observed under certain experimental conditions, the underlying mechanisms are still not clear. Dietary taurine administered for 14 days (from 28 to 42 days of age) has been reported to ameliorate the decrease in breast muscle weight induced by chronic heat stress without affecting the heat stress-induced negative effects on body weight gain and feed-to-gain ratio in chickens [6]. The mRNA expression of metabolic enzymes and factors in insulin/IGF-1 signaling were investigated to explore the molecular mechanisms linked to growth
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call