Metabolic Syndrome in Psoriasis Patients-an Observational Study.

Abstract

Our observational study included on 54 patients with PsO, evaluated into the Dermatology Department of the Emergency County Hospital Craiova, Romania, between August 2023 and January 2024, and 40 controls. Our research proposed determining the prevalence of MetS in a cohort of PsO patients, and its relationship to subclinical atherosclerosis, evaluated by carotid ultrasound. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was established according to National Cholesterol Education Program (NCP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria for MetS for 35 of the patients (64.81%) vs. 11 of the control group (27.5%), p=0.0003. An overview of each component of MetS depending on the diagnostic criteria for MetS showed that waist and total cholesterol exerted significant differences. Carotid ultrasound evaluation revealed an increased ITM, of over 0.9mm, for 19 (35.18%) or PsO patients, significantly increased compared to controls, as well as the presence of carotid plaques in significantly different percentages (37.03% PsO vs. 17.5% controls, p=0.001). We also noted that for patients with MetS, US examination displayed increased results for IMT compared to those without MetS. The prevalence of carotid atheroma plaque was augmented in patients with MetS and PsO. In our PsO group IMT exerted a positive inter-relation with: age, MetS, blood glucose, disease duration, and PASI. Important to note is that after multiple linear regression analysis, age and MetS were independent indicators of IMT (p=0.02 for age and p=0.001 for MetS). Our findings sustain a firm relationship between MetS and psoriasis and the major consequence of this observation is the inherent risk of cardiovascular events.