Metabolic correction of sports horses, their adaptation to active muscular and nervous activity in the prize period

Abstract

In modern conditions, sports horses are constantly exposed to stressful factors, in which significant clinical and biochemical changes occur in organs and systems, which leads to metabolic diseases, low athletic results andsignificant economic damage. Intensive training has a significant impact on the biochemical parameters of blood, clinical and physiological condition and muscular activity of sports horses. The busy schedule of the competitive period is accompanied by excessive stress of metabolic processes, which leads to rapidfatigue, decreased agility and sports horses lose their athletic form for a long time. Hematological, biochemical and physico-chemical parameters of the blood of sports horses are subject to changes under the influence of muscle work, metabolic processes and the stressful situation of the competitive period. The adaptation of the body to intense muscular activity consists in the peculiarities of training sportshorses. The level of adaptation of the body is characterized by an indicator of the functional state of the cardiovascular system - a change in the pulse rate, which reflects the activity of the heart and has a smaller number of heartbeats at rest. The degree of decrease in the pulse rate, which is the result of functional and morphological changes in the body, depends on the intensity of muscle loads, the type of equestrian sport and the duration of sports operation of the horse. Higher muscle activity is provided by the cardiovascular system, increasing the necessary blood flow and increasing energy metabolism, thus carrying out the transfer of oxygen to the tissues of the body. The role of blood circulation in the body is determined by the ability to keep the amount of oxygen delivered per unit of time by arterial blood to tissues at a level adequate to oxygen consumption in a given period. The amount of oxygen consumption characterizes the level ofredox processes in the body, and the measure of the participation of the processes of anaerobic energy formation in muscle activity is oxygen debt. The sum of these values, that is, oxygen consumption during work and oxygen debt, is the level of oxygen demand and is an indicator of the energy consumption of the body. All processes occurring in the body of sports horses and the connection with the external environment are regulated by the nervous system.