Abstract
Background: In the literature node localization and energy efficiency are intrinsic problems often experienced in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Consequently, various heuristic approaches have been proposed to allay the challenges faced by WSNs. However, there is little to nothing in the literature to support which of the heuristic approaches is best in optimizing node localization and energy efficiency problems in WSN. The aim of this paper is to assess the best heuristic approach to date on resolving the node localization and energy efficiency in WSNs. Method: The extraction of the relevant articles was designed following the technique of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). All the included research articles were searched from the widely used databases of Google Scholar and Web of Science. All statistical analysis was performed with the fixed-effects model and the random-effects model implementation in RStudio. The overall pooled global estimate and categorization of performance for the heuristic approaches were presented in forest plots. Results: A total of 18 studies were included in this meta-analysis and the overall pooled estimated categorization of the heuristic approaches was 35% (95% CI (13%, 67%)). According to subgroup analysis the pooled estimation of heuristic approach with hyper-heuristic was 71% (95% CI: 6% to 99%), I2 = 100%) while the hybrid heuristic, was 31% (95% CI: 3% to 87%, I2 = 100%) and metaheuristic was 21%(95% CI: 9% to 41%, I2 = 100%). Conclusion: It can be concluded based on the experimental results that hyper-heuristic approach outclassed the hybrid heuristic and metaheuristic approaches in optimizing node localization and energy efficiency in WSNs.
Highlights
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) is a key component in the emerging Internet-of-Things (IoT) paradigm
We present the literature from the three major heuristic approaches, namely, Meta-heuristic, Hybrid Heuristic and Hyper-heuristic
Of the 18 studies, the highest estimated found in studies conducted with hyper-heuristic approach was (71%, I2 = 100%), followed by studies conducted with hybrid heuristic approach, was 31%, I2 = 100% and metaheuristic approach was 21%(95% CI: 9% to 41%, I2 = 100%)
Summary
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) is a key component in the emerging Internet-of-Things (IoT) paradigm. The last decade has seen the development of wireless sensor networks with a multitude of applications built around the sensors [1]. Wireless sensor networks are self-arrangement of the network system which consists of many micro nodes with a low-cost component of data processing and wireless communication [2]. Revised Manuscript Received on September 15, 2020. A graduate of Information Technology University from prestigious Coventry University United Kingdom, Dr N. Naicker Department of Information Systems; Information Technology and Computer Science
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