Abstract
Nanoscale liquid-vapor interfacial transport phenomena are of great significance to a variety of applications including evaporation, condescension, boiling and micro/nano-fluidics. In this work, we propose a mesoscopic approach to describe the nanoscale liquid-vapor interfacial statics and dynamics by combining the pseudopotential multiphase lattice Boltzmann method, the theorem of corresponding states and the principle of dynamic similarity. We demonstrate that our mesoscopic predictions of density profile, interfacial thicknesses and surface tensions for planar liquid-vapor interfaces of various real fluids agree very well with the NIST recommended data and molecular theories of capillarity in a very wide temperature range. We quantify the size effects of nano-bubbles and nano-droplets on the surface tension of water under a saturation temperature of 100°C. We show that the surface tensions of nano-bubbles decrease while the surface tensions of nano-droplets increase with increasing size, and the predictions from static cases and dynamic cases are consistent. The mesoscopic approach proposed in this paper could well resolve nanoscale liquid-vapor interfacial phenomena for various real fluids with high resolution, high accuracy and affordable computation cost in a very wide temperature range, which paves the way for quantitative investigations of nanoscale liquid-vapor interfacial transport for real fluids in practical applications.
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