Abstract
Typhoon Matmo (2014) was formed over the Central Pacific Ocean on 18 July 2014, and later, it became moderate in intensity (32.7~50.9 m/s) with maximum wind speed of 38 m/s. After it landed the southeast coast of China, the typhoon circulation showed an asymmetric pattern in dipole wind field based upon the composite mean winds at 925 hPa in use of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and NOAA/ESRL atmospheric variables plotting approach. The wind dipole feature was due to the steep gradient of the geopotential height anomaly at the east flank of the typhoon circulation and the friction effect at its lowest levels over land from the synoptic scale point of view. The study focuses on investigating the characteristics of the line echo wave pattern (LEWP) embedded within the typhoon rainband through the multi-scale processes, and try to realize the possible causes of crash event from the meteorological point of view for TransAsia Airways GE222 occurrence at Makung Airport influenced by the LEWPs in use of mesonet surface analysis based on 1-minute interval data measured by Makung Airport weather station and dual-Doppler radar analysis composited from Makung and Chiku weather radar data. The preliminary results delineated that the wave-like echoes organized by deep convections featured a key factor on the development of short duration heavy rainfall, low visibility and significant turbulence from the mesoscale point of view. Conclusively speaking, the aircraft faced multiple and severe weather situations, including the intense crosswind, obvious downdraft and extremely low visibility. Therefore, the impact of deep convections inside LEWPs embedded within the typhoon rainband on aviation safety was remarkable, and this case is a good lesson for flight safety.
Highlights
In sub-tropical ocean area, the weather systems are different with those in mid-latitudes
The mesonet surface data analysis told that each echo in the line echo wave pattern (LEWP) consisted of several convective cells bringing heavy rainfalls and resulting temperature drops on the ground along the west coast of Taiwan
The well-organized LEWP and convective cells embedded within the rainband affected the Makung airport while the typhoon system kept moving north-northwestward
Summary
In sub-tropical ocean area, the weather systems are different with those in mid-latitudes. Yu et al [3, 4] learned that the outer areas of tropical cyclones usually possessed larger convective available potential energy and lower humidity than the inner-core environment, and rainbands in the tropical cyclones could develop squall-line-like airflow structures and a low-level cold-pool signature. Wei et al [5] studied the interaction between southwesterly flow and typhoon circulation by using radar observations might contribute to the development of rainbands as well as the intensification of the inward radial flow embedded within typhoon during the passage of Typhoon Morakot (2009) over Taiwan. Describe the characteristics of the line echo wave pattern embedded within the rainband of Typhoon Matmo (2014) through the multi-scale processes. B. Realize the possible causes of crash event for TransAsia Airways GE222 Occurrence at Makung Airport from the perspective of mesoscale weather analysis in order to prevent the accident happens again
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