Abstract
Porous polymer systems based on divinylbenzene copolymers modified with co-monomers (ethylvinylbenzene, methyl acrylate, methacrylic acid) and linear rubber macromolecules (polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polyisobutylene, polystyrene-butadiene, polyacrylonitrile-butadiene) were investigated. The copolymers in the form of spherical beads were synthesized by radical suspension polymerization of monomer compositions with appropriate porogenic organic solvents. It was found that modification of the divinylbenzene copolymers by linear rubbers enables the synthesis of sorbents with a controlled fractional composition of micro- and mesopores. A universal method is suggested for a quantitative estimation of fractional pore size distribution in the range of micro and mesopores from the data of low-temperature nitrogen sorption. Calculations of integral and differential distributions are based on using methods of quenched solid density functional theory (QSDFT), non-local density functional theory and the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda method based on capillary condensation theory. According to QSDFT calculations, the porous system of sorbents contains three groups of pores of certain sizes: 1.7–3.3, 3.3–6.6 and 8.4–40 nm. Upon introduction of polyisoprene into the polymer system the sorbent containing primarily 8–24 nm mesopores is obtained; upon the introduction of polyisobutylene, the sorbent with pore sizes of 4–6 nm is synthesized. The volume and surface area of micropores in the copolymers with polyisoprene and polyisobutylene may be increased by extracting a part of the rubber phase with toluene. Specific surface area of the copolymers varies in the range of 230–570 m2 g−1. Scanning electron microscopy studies of the porous structure of the polymer systems showed that in the copolymers with polybutadiene the porous structure is formed by the aggregates of globules 20–60 nm. The copolymer with polyisobutylene has a 3D skeletal structure with 100–200 nm voids.
Published Version
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