Abstract
Recently, design of hierarchical materials with remarkable and unusual properties, useful for practical applications, has become more and more meaningful in nanosciences and nanoengineering. This report presents a method of fabricating Na2Ti3O7-based materials with hierarchical two-level (micro/nano) architecture. The products are microparticles constructed of thin-walled nanotubes having an outer diameter of 6–9 nm, wall thickness of 2–3 nm, and length of several hundred nanometers. The synthesis was carried in hydrothermal conditions at 130 °C for 36 h in a highly alkaline medium (10M NaOH aqueous solution). The obtained hierarchical materials exhibit surface roughness and porosity (specific surface area of 314 m2/g and pore volume of 0.54 cm3/g are achieved) with a narrow pore-size distribution in the mesopore range (average pore diameter is around 5.7 nm). Phase formation of products has been studied as a function of calcination temperature. It was found that Na2Ti3O7-based materials is obtained for calcination conditions of near 350 °C. Higher temperatures (more than 500 °C) favored anatase TiO2 formation. There are no significant changes were detected in morphology and texture of products calcined at 350 °C. An electrical conductivity of over 10–3 S/cm at room temperature was registered for materials. Besides, it is increased for three times after thermal treatment at 350 °C. The results suggest that obtained hierarchical nanotube-constructed porous Na2Ti3O7 microparticles can be involved for various industrial uses, including next generation electrochemical power sources.
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