Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) Therapy for Pressure Ulcers: A Literature Review

Abstract

Pressure ulcers or injuries, arise from ischemic damage to soft tissues induced by unrelieved pressure over a bony prominence. They are usually difficult to treat with standard medical therapy and often they recur. Promising alternative methods for treatment are now developing in the search for better treatment choices. Within the field of regenerative medicine, ongoing research on advanced therapies seeks to treat pressure ulcers with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This review was synthesized and obtained from various online databases. Scientific articles were selected based on the inclusion criteria. MSCs have anti-inflammatory capabilities, they are very helpful for treating chronic wounds such as pressure ulcers because they can restart healing infected wounds by moving the wound through a chronic inflammatory state and into the subsequent stage of healing. The research indicates that MSCs produce soluble compounds that promote the proliferative and migratory behavior of the dominant cell types in the wound. MSCs promote wound closure with promoting angiogenesis, granulation tissue production, and faster epithelialization. Additionally, it was discovered that the cells create bioactive chemicals that appear to accelerate the regeneration process. These findings show that MSC therapy affects all stages of wound healing, including inflammation, epithelialization, development of granulation tissue, and tissue remodeling. Although there are many medications to treat pressure ulcers, there are surprisingly new therapies that take use of MSCs' positive benefits and crucial for wounds that are difficult to heal.