Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Restoration of Ventricle Function

Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem cells (MSCs) based interventions in heart failure cases have gained significant interest among researchers and clinicians over the last decade. The ease of their isolation, expansion, high proliferation rate and storage has made MSCs an attractive candidate. MSCs transplanted in patients with ischemic heart disease have been demonstrated to play a significant role in cardiac regeneration through plethora of processes including angiogenesis, myogenesis, immune modulation, anti-apoptotic- and anti-fibrotic-activities. In present study, we have discussed a case of a male patient with severe ventricular dysfunction after an incidence of myocardial infarction. The primary clinical findings demonstrated that the patient had dilated left ventricle (LV) with global LV hypokinesia. The LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was 25%-30%, which is significantly lower than a healthy individual. The patient was treated with adipose derived MSCs, injected through intravenous route. A significant recovery was observed post 5 months with LVEF of 35%. After nine months of follow-up, LVEF improved to 50 % with fair LV systolic function. The LV size was normal, and no regional wall motion abnormality was observed. The study suggests that MSCs infusion can help in restoration of ventricular function.