Meniscal reconstruction using allograft tissue: An arthroscopic technique

Abstract

The treatment of meniscal pathology has changed dramatically over the last decade. This change in treatment has been brought about by our increased knowledge of the functions of the human meniscus: force transmission, increase contact area, decrease contact stress, shock absorption, joint lubrication, nutrition of chondrocytes, and stabilization. Meniscal transplantation has been developed in an attempt to interrupt or retard the progressive joint deterioration that develops in the postmeniscectomy knee. The author's arthroscopically assisted technique for meniscal reconstruction using fresh frozen allograft tissue without disruption of the extensor mechanism or collateral ligaments is described. This technique emphasizes visualization of specific landmarks for each meniscal horn insertion site with creation of osseous tunnels at these corresponding sites to allow for anatomic placement of the meniscal inplant. Only if normal anatomy and kinematics is established can one assume that the transplanted meniscus will provide a beneficial function. The author's believe that the operation should be limited to a select group of individuals who meet specific inclusion criteria in study groups and investigational protocols until long-term results are determined.