Membrane topology of bovine adrenocortical cytochrome P-450C21: structural studies by trypsin digestion in vesicle membranes.

Abstract

Purified adrenocortical microsomal P-450C21 was incorporated into vesicle membranes composed of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylserine at a molar ratio of 5:3:1. Trypsinolysis of the incorporated P-450C21 resulted in the formation of 30-, 25-, and 20-kDa fragments. Similar fragment formation was observed by trypsinolysis of bovine adrenocortical microsomes with Western blotting using anti-P-450C21 IgG. In the detergent-solubilized state, trypsin cleaved P-450C21 into very small peptides. Washing of the trypsin-treated vesicles with 500 mM Na2CO3 failed to cause these fragments to separate from membranes. N-Terminal amino acid sequencing of these fragments showed that trypsin cleaved the 267 Arg-268Val and 332Arg-333Val bonds of P-450C21. The time course of fragment formation indicated that trypsin cleaved the 267Arg-268Val bond first to produce 30- and 25-kDa fragments and subsequently the 332Arg-333Val bond in the 25-kDa fragment to produce the 20-kDa fragment. Neither 21-hydroxylase activity, the reduced CO difference spectrum, nor the EPR spectrum of digested P-450C21 differed from those of undigested P-450C21. Heat treatment at 50 degrees C for 20 min did not cause any decrease in activity of digested P-450C21, when the substrate progesterone was present. This high stability toward heat treatment was not observed in the solubilized state. Rotational diffusion experiments on P-450C21 showed that the size of the molecule holding the heme was not changed significantly after digestion. On the basis of these results, P-450C21 is concluded to be deeply embedded in the vesicle membranes.