Abstract
Human pregnancy is a sequence of events finely tuned by several molecular interactions that come with a new birth. The precise interlocking of these events affecting the reproductive system guarantees safe embryo formation and fetal development. In this scenario, melatonin and myo-inositol seem to be pivotal not only in the physiology of the reproduction process, but also in the promotion of positive gestational outcomes. Evidence demonstrates that melatonin, beyond the role of circadian rhythm management, is a key controller of human reproductive functions. Similarly, as the most representative member of the inositol’s family, myo-inositol is essential in ensuring correct advancing of reproductive cellular events. The molecular crosstalk mediated by these two species is directly regulated by their availability in the human body. To date, biological implications of unbalanced amounts of melatonin and myo-inositol in each pregnancy step are growing the idea that these molecules actively contribute to reduce negative outcomes and improve the fertilization rate. Clinical data suggest that melatonin and myo-inositol may constitute an optimal dietary supplementation to sustain safe human gestation and a new potential way to prevent pregnancy-associated pathologies.
Highlights
The aim of this review is to describe the importance of dietary supplementation with melatonin and myo-ins, describing their key role in the regulation of the steps characterizing the conception of a new life
The results demonstrated that the percentage of metaphase II (MII) oocytes, named mature oocytes, and fertilization rate significantly increased in the study group compared with controls
Increasing evidence highlights the fundamental role of melatonin and myo-ins in human reproductive system and in the achievement of a physiological pregnancy
Summary
Human reproduction is a complex process in which several molecules contribute to the correct development and birth of the offspring [1]. Among the different molecules involved in the pregnancy, melatonin and myoinositol (myo-ins) actively sustain the reproduction process and favor positive gestation outcomes [3]. Several clinical studies have claimed that ensuring a proper amount of melatonin and myo-ins in women willing pregnancy improves the reproductive process and reduces the negative events [5,6]. The aim of this review is to describe the importance of dietary supplementation with melatonin and myo-ins, describing their key role in the regulation of the steps characterizing the conception of a new life. This review provides an overview on the implications of these two important molecules on the reproduction process, from oocyte to birth
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