Medium-mass Molecules in Plasma of Patients at Different Stages of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Progression

Abstract

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal tumor disease caused by malignant transformation of hematopoietic stem cells, in which a chimeric BCR-ABL gene is formed as a result of specific translocation of areas between the 9th and 22nd chromosomes. This genetic «defect» ensures the uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid cells. The objective: to analyse the content of medium-mass molecules (MMM) in peripheral venous blood plasma of patients with CML at different stages of the disease and theoretical justification of approaches to the correction of detected changes. Materials and methods. The study enrolled 77 patients with CML, who were divided into three groups according to the stage of disease. The control group included 20 people who were primary donors of the Kyiv City Blood Center. The main parameters characterizing the state of protein and carbohydrate metabolism were analyzed. All patients groups were similar in terms of age, sex, anthropometric parameters, and duration of the disease. All patients during hospitalization were examined by clinical, laboratory, instrumental and special research methods, and if necessary, consulted by specialists. Statistical processing of the results was done by methods of variational statistics, using the Microsoft Excel XP computer program. Results. Today, there are known factors that determine the development of CML, namely: chromosomal abnormalities, ionizing radiation, hematopoietic system diseases, toxic effects of drugs and polluted environment, etc. Changes in the content of MMM in plasma of patients with CML compared to the control group were determined. As the disease progresses, the imbalance of MMM metabolism deepens. The severity of plasma MMM content violations of CML patients is accompanied by endogenous body intoxication, since MMM are universal markers of endogenous metabolic intoxication. Conclusions. Changes in the content of medium-mass molecules in the plasma of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia dictate the need for further in-depth research to determine role in the pathophysiology of the disease for further treatment and reduction of the manifestations of endogenous intoxication. Effective treatment of patients with CML is based on modern diagnostics, timely prescription of drugs and subsequent monitoring of the course of the disease.