Features of Constipation Syndrome Management in Elderly and Senile Patients in General Medical Practice (Literature Review)

Abstract

Constipation in old age ppatients is most often caused by disorders of the digestive tract (DT) and, less often, by the use of medications that affect it. One of the reasons that cause problems with bowel movements is a nutritional disorder. It is known that people in old age eat less. The amount of dietary fiber and the amount of water consumed in the diet are reduced. This leads to a decrease in liquid in the stool masses, which become harder. A significant decrease in motor activity of a person, in particular due to both somatic diseases and mental disorders, causes the development of pathology. Usually, such patients are prescribed cardiac glycosides, sleeping pills, analgesics, and antidepressants. It is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the psyche of the elderly and senile persons. Loneliness and social isolation combined with depression or egocentrism, as well as poor memory, have a negative impact on a person at this age. It should be taken into account that often elderly and senile patients have their own system of views on treatment and this can make it difficult for them to understand each other with the doctor. Due to biological, medical and social challenges, elderly patients are one of the most vulnerable population groups. At the same time, they are the main consumers of medicines. Therefore, it is very important that the prescribed treatment for constipation is the most rational and safe, taking into account the side effects of drug therapy of the main and concomitant diseases. Compliance with the specified requirements guarantees the safe use of medicinal products, prevents the development of their side effects, and contributes to the continuation of an active and healthy lifestyle of gerontological and geriatric patients.