Abstract
Between 1958 and 1964, Keys and co-workers carried out the Seven Countries Study, which enrolled men aged 40-59 years in one of 16 cohorts from seven countries (Finland, Greece, Italy, Yugoslavia, Japan, USA and Italy), After 15-y, 25-y and 50-y follow up, a strong negative relation was observed between adherence to Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality. Since that study, very numerous prospective observational studies and 3 randomized Clinical trials, as well as meta-analyses of cohorts and RCTs have demonstrated the primary and secondary preventive effect of MedDiet towards cardiovascular diseases and more specifically CHD. This review, which is an update of a review published by the same author in 2022, aims to present the more recent results from prospective cohorts, RCTs, and meta-analyses. A protective effect of MedDiet towards CHD is clearly confirmed.
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