Abstract
Mediterranean Diet represents the traditional eating habits of populations living around the Mediterranean Sea, and it is associated with a lower risk of overall mortality and cancer incidence and cardiovascular diseases. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a new pandemic, and represents a significant and critical threat to global human health. In this study, we aimed to review the possible effects of Mediterranean Diet against the risk of the coronavirus disease 2019. Several vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, and phytochemicals with their potential anti-COVID-19 activity are presented. Different risk factors may increase or reduce the probability of contracting the disease. Mediterranean Diet has also a positive action on inflammation and immune system and could have a protective effect against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Further studies are needed to corroborate the benefits of the Mediterranean Diet protective role on infection with SARS-CoV-2.
Highlights
The first part of 2020 was characterized by the pandemic spread of a novel coronavirus: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) [1]
The findings presented in this paper should promote nutritional information on the positive effects of the Mediterranean Diet against the risk of COVID-19
All these results suggest the important. All these results suggest the important role role that that nutrition, nutrition, and, and, in in particular, particular, the the Mediterranean diet (MetDiet), could play in the prevention and management of COVID-19 infection
Summary
The first part of 2020 was characterized by the pandemic spread of a novel coronavirus: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) [1]. Previous epidemiological and clinical studies featuring COVID-19 have shown that SARS-CoV-2 infection usually results in mild disease, several patients occasionally develop severe or critical illness [1,3,4,5,6,7,8]. Evidence suggests that the SARS-CoV-2 viral loads are similar in asymptomatic, mild symptomatic, and severe symptomatic patients [10,11], but many other factors influence the progression and severity of the disease. No specific data have been reported regarding the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2, but new studies have shown that a cytokine storm overstimulates the body’s immune response to microorganisms as a consequence of increases in the levels of inflammatory factors [12]. The findings presented in this paper should promote nutritional information on the positive effects of the Mediterranean Diet against the risk of COVID-19
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