Abstract
The article discusses the issues of the methods and principles of the formation of two-component names of medicinal plants (phytonyms) with the component “ot” (grass) growing on the territory of the Extreme North of Russia - Yakutia as part of an interdisciplinary research at the junction of linguistics and biology. Attention is paid to the study of semantic features of phytonyms of the Yakut medical plants. The results of linguistic analysis are presented, which are compared with the methods of using medicinal plants with herbal extracts and herbalists and collected during expeditionary work. Particular attention is paid to the definition of universal models of formation of medical phytonyms in the Yakut language and identifying some methods of the word-formation system of lexical units denoting names of medicinal plants based on the appearance and form of any of the parts, designating a characteristic place of growth, identifying a functional trait and determining the affiliation of a medicinal plant. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the study of the names of medicinal plants in the Yakut language is conducted for the first time. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the study of the vocabulary of the Yakut language in a comparative historical aspect will improve the existing results and open new directions in the study of the history of the Turkic languages. Universal models of the formation of phytonyms of medicinal plants in the Yakut language are proposed, which reveal a regional peculiarity.
Highlights
The remoteness of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) from the European part of Russia and the distancing of areas within the region itself contributed to the preservation of the language, traditions and national culture of its indigenous peoples
This is due to the fact that the plants for the indigenous peoples of Yakutia were the source of food, sheltered, used for medicinal purposes, they were especially closely associated with them
Through the prism of the vocabulary of medicinal plants, it becomes possible to consider the linguistic worldview of the Yakuts, and traditional medicine takes a significant place in their vital activity
Summary
The remoteness of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) from the European part of Russia and the distancing of areas within the region itself contributed to the preservation of the language, traditions and national culture of its indigenous peoples. The study of the names of medicinal plants (phytonyms) is important because in modern linguistics there is an increasing interest in the study of the vocabulary of phytonymic names denoting plants with food and medicinal properties reflecting the specificity of the spiritual, material life of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia and the system of their livelihood Appeal to this topic is required and due to the fact that the dialect phytonyms are on the remote periphery of the lexical system and go out of the sphere of active use. Through the prism of the vocabulary of medicinal plants, it becomes possible to consider the linguistic worldview of the Yakuts, and traditional medicine takes a significant place in their vital activity This is an interesting, promising and important aspect of the consideration of the lexical material of the language of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia. The object of the research is the two-element names of medicinal plants in the Yakut language with the component “ot” (grass) growing on the territory of the Far North of Yakutia
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