Mediating and regulating effect of sleep between anxiety and activity of daily living among elderly patients with chronic disease

Abstract

Objective To explore the mechanism of sleep between anxiety and activity of daily living (ADL) among elderly patients with chronic disease. Methods A total of 478 elderly patients with chronic disease were investigated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) , Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Older American Resources and Services (OARS) Multidimensional Function Evaluation Scale. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple hierarchical regression analysis were used to analyze the investigation results. Results Sleep was positively correlated with ADL, and anxiety was negatively correlated with ADL (P<0.01) . Sleep had a partially mediating effect between ADL and anxiety with 0.131 for the mediating effect, and accounting for 37.25% of the total effect. Sleep had a regulating effect between ADL and anxiety among elderly patients with chronic disease (△R2=0.337, P<0.05) . Conclusions Anxiety has a direct effect and indirect effect by sleep in ADL. Sleep can improve the negative effect of anxiety on ADL. Sleep is a protective factor of the ADL among elderly patients with chronic disease. Key words: Aged; Anxiety; Activity of daily living; Chronic disease; Sleep quality