Depression of community elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment and its influencing factors

Abstract

Objective To investigate the depression of community elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to analyze its influencing factors so as to provide a basis for relieving the depression and delaying the conversion of MCI among elderly patients to dementia. Methods From December 2016 to March 2018, we selected 1 093 community elderly people (≥60 years old) complained of cognition hypofunction by convenience sampling. All of the aged were investigated with the general information questionnaire, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-P) and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) . Outpatient doctors of neurology department at a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Beijing provided clinical diagnosis for elderly patients with primary screening of MCI. The Geriatric Depression Scale-30 (GDS-30) was used to assess depression of MCI patients. SPSS 21.0 was used to the date entry and statistical analysis, and multiple Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of depression. Results A total of 271 community elderly people were diagnosed as MCI. After excluding 30 depression assessment questionnaires with glaring holes and regularity, a total of 241 valid questionnaires were collected finally with 88.93% for the effective rate. Among 241 community elderly patients with MCI, 71 cases of them were with depression and the incidence was 29.46%; the score of depression was (15.99±4.31) ; a total of 59 cases (83.10%) of them had the moderate depression and 12 cases (16.90%) had severe depression. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of depression included insomnia (OR=2.09) , negative emotions such as anxiety or agitation (OR=6.25) , recent major events (OR=3.93) and poor ADL (OR=1.45) , the protective factors of depression included ages of over 80 years (OR=0.29) compared with the ages from 60 to 65 years among elderly MCI patients. Conclusions The incidence of elderly MCI patients with depression is high. Based on comprehensive evaluation for elderly MCI patients, nurses should pay attention to their depression emotions and help patients to improve sleep and ADL, and help them positively deal with negative influences brought by major events. Key words: Aged; Mild cognitive dysfunction; Depression; Cognition; Activity of daily living; Influencing factors