Mediastinal Lipoblastomatosis Invading the Trachea in a 4-month-old Girl: A Rare Cause of Airway Obstruction

Abstract

We report a rare occurrence of mediastinal lipoblastomatosis infiltrating the trachea in a 4-month-old female, which led to critical airway obstruction and recurrent cardiopulmonary arrest. The lesion was surgically removed, and tracheal reconstruction was performed, followed by an uneventful postoperative course. Histological and cytogenetic analyses confirmed the diagnosis. We highlight the importance of considering lipoblastomatous tumors in children presenting with a rapid-growing fatty neoplasm, even though it happens in uncommon locations. Also, an adequate period of follow-up is demanded as a consequence of the notable rate of recurrence.