Abstract
Rock bursts have recently become a serious problem in the horizontal section mining of steeply inclined extra-thick coal seams (SIETCSs). However, few studies have been carried out to investigate their mechanisms and prevention. In this study, numerical simulation and field measurements were carried out to investigate the mechanism of rock bursts in the horizontal section mining of an SIETCS. A Universal Distinct Element Code (UDEC) Trigon model was built, based on the Yaojie No.3 Coal Mine, and calibrated through laboratory tests and RQD methods. The results demonstrate that the coal in the elastic zone around the roof is in a high static stress state, due to the asymmetric clamping and squeezing of the roof and floor. Strong dynamic loads are formed by breakage of the roof and the failure of multiple hinged beam structures during the evolution process of the overlying strata. Rock bursts occur on the roof side when the superimposition of the static stress σs and stress increment σd induced by such dynamic loads is greater than the critical stress σmin of the coal and rock. We propose a technical prevention scheme for the considered mine. Field studies suggest that the proposed technology can effectively prevent and control rock bursts in the horizontal section mining of SIETCSs.
Highlights
Rock bursts are usually caused by a sudden and violent release of elastic strain energy in mining under the coupling effects of mining-induced disturbances and complex geological environments, threatening the safety of workers and equipment in coal mines [1]
The evolution laws of structures and stresses of the rock and coal and their effect on rock bursts in the horizontal section mining of the. This was achieved by evaluating in the horizontal section mining of the steeply inclined extra-thick coal seams (SIETCSs) were studied
The mechanisms of rock bursts were studied during the horizontal section mining
Summary
Rock bursts are usually caused by a sudden and violent release of elastic strain energy in mining under the coupling effects of mining-induced disturbances and complex geological environments, threatening the safety of workers and equipment in coal mines [1]. [3] analyzed a database of 140 bursts during the period 1994–2013; these bursts resulted in five fatalities. In the Czech Republic and Poland, rock bursts occur frequently, with 122 fatalities caused by rock bursts between 1983 and 2003 [4]. Mine in Australia, causing two fatalities [5]. In China, more than 253 coal mines had reported rock bursts by the end of 2019 and this number keeps increasing. Rock bursts have occurred frequently in the mining of steeply inclined extra-thick coal seams (SIETCSs) and, have received more and more attention. In China, SIETCSs are defined as coal seams with dip angle of more than 45◦
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