Abstract
Rock burst induced by mining is one of the most serious dynamic disasters in the process of coal mining. The mechanism of a rock burst is similar to that of a natural earthquake. It is difficult to accurately predict the “time, space, and strength” of rock burst, but the possibility of rock burst can be predicted based on the results of microseismic monitoring. In this paper, the rock burst system under the tectonic stress field is established based on the practice of coal mining and the result of mine ground crustal stress measurement. According to the magnitude of microseismic monitoring, the amount of the energy and spatial position of the rock burst are determined. Based on the theory of explosion mechanics, aiming at the prevention and control of rock burst in the coal mine, the technique of liquid CO2 fracturing blasting is put forward. By the experiment of blasting mechanics, the blasting parameters are determined, and the controlling mechanism of rock burst of liquid CO2 fracturing blasting is revealed. The application of liquid CO2 fissure blasting technology in the prevention and control of rock burst in Jixian Coal Mine shows that CO2 fracturing blasting reduces the stress concentration of the rock burst system and transfers energy to the deeper part, and there is no open fire in the blasting. It is a new, safe, and efficient method to prevent and control rock burst, which can be applied widely.
Highlights
Rock burst is one of the most serious dynamic disasters in coal mining
If the structure and energy characteristics of coal and rock mass can be predicted and preventive measures can be taken according to the predicted results, the prevention level of rock burst will be improved and the cost of risk relief will be reduced
In order to study the structure system and energy characteristics of rock mass under rock burst, a rock burst system based on the tectonic stress field is established. e energy magnitude and spatial location of rock burst system are determined by microseismic monitoring technology
Summary
Rock burst is one of the most serious dynamic disasters in coal mining. Both rock burst and natural earthquake are dynamic disasters caused by the crack and instability of crustal rock mass, resulting in the release of energy. e occurrence mechanisms of the two are similar and they are difficult to be predicted [1,2,3,4]. e research on the mechanism of rock burst has always been an unsolved scientific problem that has been discussed for a long time in the fields of mining engineering and rock mechanics [5,6,7,8,9,10]. e application of CT scanning, 3D printing, big data, cloud computing, Internet of things, and other emerging technologies in the study of coal mine rock burst has become a hot topic in mining research [11,12,13,14]. e monitoring and warning methods of rock burst mainly include microseismic monitoring method, electromagnetic radiation method, AE method, mining stress monitoring method, and drilling cuttings method. rough the analysis of monitoring data, the possibility of rock burst can be predicted, but the accuracy still needs to be further improved [15,16,17,18,19]. If the structure and energy characteristics of coal and rock mass can be predicted and preventive measures can be taken according to the predicted results, the prevention level of rock burst will be improved and the cost of risk relief will be reduced. E practice of preventing and controlling rock burst in coal mine shows that the CO2 fracturing blasting reduces the stress concentration of the rock burst system and transfers the energy to the deeper part. It is a new, safe, and efficient technology to prevent rock burst
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