Mechanical Pull-Out Test of a New Hybrid Fixture-Abutment Connection: An In Vitro Study.

Gianmaria D’Addazio,Sergio Caputi,Beatrice Femminella,Manlio Santilli,Lorenzo Arcuri,Giovanna Murmura,Bruna Sinjari

doi:10.3390/ma14061555

Gianmaria D’Addazio, Sergio Caputi + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14061555

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Abstract

Implant abutment connection was described among the main causes of peri-implant bone resorption. The aim of this in vitro study was to test the coupling capacity, the surface modification of a new hybrid connection and the influence of repeated connection activations caused during the main clinical and laboratory phases. A total of 40 implant-abutment screw retained systems with 10°-conical and internal hexagon connection were tested. The connection was screwed, fixed to the universal test machine, removed the screw and a pull-out test was performed. Test was repeated five times in succession. Also Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to detect microscopically surface modification. Analysis of variance and Tukey tests were used for the statistical analysis. Pull-out test reveals a mean value of 131.35 ± 16.52 Newton Centimeter (N·cm). For each single activation, results from first to fifth were: 113.9 ± 13.02, 126.1 ± 12.81, 138.11 ± 15.15, 138.8 ± 11.90 and 140 ± 12.99 N·cm. A statistically significant difference between the measurements and an increase in the removal force was shown. The collected data supports the use of this new type of connection, resulting in a very strong interface between implant and abutment. Also, repeated activation of connection can promote a better coupling of the implant-abutment interface.

Highlights

Peri-implant crestal bone resorption has been described as one of the major complications associated with maintenance and success in implant therapy [1,2,3]
The 40 samples were measured at each single activation, obtaining the mean following results: 113.9 ± 13.02 Newton Centimeter (N·cm) at the first activation, 126.1 ± 12.81 N·cm at the second activation, 138.11 ± 15.15 N·cm at the third activation, 138.8 ± 11.90 N·cm at the fourth activation and 140 ± 12.99 N·cm at the fifth activation
The results showed a statistically significant difference in terms of removal torque force in the samples during the different activation (p < 0.0001)

Summary

Introduction

Peri-implant crestal bone resorption has been described as one of the major complications associated with maintenance and success in implant therapy [1,2,3]. Various factors have been described as responsible for crestal bone resorption, including biological width formation, surgical trauma and prosthetic complication like overload and fracture [4,5,6,7]. The fixture abutment connection remains a key factor [2] It has been described how many elements could affect this critical area, such as fixture and abutment material, surface microtopography, treatments and connection type [8,9,10]. The latter could influence the biological response of peri-implant hard and soft tissues. The goal of implantology nowadays is to avoid the presence of the microgap on two pieces implants to reduce the bacterial infiltration, inflammatory response and micromovements present at the interface [12]

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