Mechanical properties, degradation behavior and cytocompatibility of biodegradable 3vol%X (X = MgO, ZnO and CuO)/Zn matrix composites with excellent dispersion property fabricated by graphene oxide-assisted hetero-aggregation

Abstract

Metal matrix composites have been recognized as a feasible approach to obtain a new generation of biodegradable Zn-based material. Nevertheless, there is a great challenge in achieving good dispersion properties of the bioactive reinforcements within zinc matrix. A novel and facile approach, namely graphene oxide (GO)-assisted hetero-aggregation, were developed to achieve uniformly dispersed nanoceramics in the Zn matrix, by using very low-content (0.03 vol%) GO as a linker between the Zn matrix and reinforcement. The negatively-charged GO becomes a suitable “bridge” connected the positively-charged metallic powder and bioactive reinforcement by charge neutralization in polarity solvent. Three kinds of reinforcements, including MgO, ZnO and CuO, were used to verify the feasibility of the above-mentioned method. As-sintered 3CuO/Zn matrix composites, which possessed uniformly distributed reinforcement, uniaxial compressive strength of 301.2 MPa, failure strain over 40%, moderate corrosion rate of 0.063 mm·y−1, acceptable cytocompatibility and antibacterial property, should be a useful material for orthopedic applications.