Mechanical Performance of Mortars with Partial Replacement of Cement by Aluminum Dross: Inactivation and Particle Size

Abstract

Although the use of primary aluminum dross as cement replacement has shown promising results in mortars and concretes, there is a knowledge gap between the effect of the secondary dross inactivation process and particle sizes on the mechanical properties and consistency. So, by using X-ray diffraction, laser granulometry, and scanning electron microscopy, this article describes first the inactivation process applied to a secondary aluminum dross. Second, this manuscript presents the fresh and hardened properties of mortar mixes containing 5, 10, and 20% inactivated secondary aluminum dross with three different particle sizes (i.e., fine, intermediate, and coarse). Mortar flow test results indicate that compressive and flexural strengths of mixes containing up to 20% fine and intermediate aluminum dross as cement replacement were satisfactory, respectively. These results have the potential to reduce the environmental and health impacts caused by cement production and secondary aluminum dross disposal, respectively. Moreover, the durability aspects of the mortar mixes, as well as the effectivity of the investigated inactivation process, are identified as future research topics.