Measuring the eco-efficiency of municipal solid waste service: A fuzzy DEA model for handling missing data

Abstract

In the last decades, evaluating the performance of municipal solid waste (MSW) service has attracted the interest of scholars and policymakers worldwide. This study adopts a generalized directional distance function (GDDF) data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to measure the eco-efficiency of 94 Apulian municipalities providing MSW service over 2019–2021. The model uses the α-cut method to handle missing data in a fuzzy DEA environment. During the period covered by the research, on average, the MSW eco-efficiency was between 0.825 and 0.879. The MSW separate collection rate is the only factor significantly affecting the MSW eco-efficiency.