Abstract
Background Molecular parameters of key interest for monitoring the efficacy of anti-malaria interventions are those that quantify effects on transmission or incidence of infection and disease. Vaccine trials provide regular follow-up samples of both comparator groups. In addition, the clinical episodes are detected and sampled. Provided the spacing of follow up surveys is in the range of 2-8 weeks, the force of infections (FOI) can be determined by genotyping all consecutive samples of all study participants. The molecular FOI is defined by new parasite clones appearing per time interval. Individual clones are identified using highly polymorphic molecular markers in conjunction with high resolution typing. molFOI is easily detected despite a background of ongoing infections. Simultaneously, blood samples from trial participants become available for RNA based detection and quantification of gametocytes by qRT-PCR. Vaccine effects on gametocyte prevalence can be detected by targeting gametocyte-specific transcripts.
Highlights
BackgroundMolecular parameters of key interest for monitoring the efficacy of anti-malaria interventions are those that quantify effects on transmission or incidence of infection and disease
Molecular parameters of key interest for monitoring the efficacy of anti-malaria interventions are those that quantify effects on transmission or incidence of infection and disease.Vaccine trials provide regular follow-up samples of both comparator groups
Molecular parameters describing the P. falciparum infection dynamics were estimated based on high precision genotyping data from cohort studies or from a clinical trial with repeated follow up bleeds at intervals between 2 weeks and 2 months
Summary
Molecular parameters of key interest for monitoring the efficacy of anti-malaria interventions are those that quantify effects on transmission or incidence of infection and disease. Vaccine trials provide regular follow-up samples of both comparator groups. Provided the spacing of follow up surveys is in the range of 2-8 weeks, the force of infections (FOI) can be determined by genotyping all consecutive samples of all study participants. The molecular FOI is defined by new parasite clones appearing per time interval. Individual clones are identified using highly polymorphic molecular markers in conjunction with high resolution typing. MolFOI is detected despite a background of ongoing infections. Blood samples from trial participants become available for RNA based detection and quantification of gametocytes by qRT-PCR. Vaccine effects on gametocyte prevalence can be detected by targeting gametocyte-specific transcripts
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