Abstract
This investigation determines ambient air arsenic (As), As(III), and As(V) concentrations in total suspended particulates (TSP) and dry deposition. Calculated/measured dry deposition flux ratios of ambient air As, As(III) and As(V) were evaluated using two dry deposition models at five characteristic sampling sites during 2009-2010.The highest average concentrations of As, As(III) and As(V) in TSP and dry deposition were measured at the Quan-xing industrial sampling site during August-January. The Quan-xing site, with many industrial factories under process around there regions, its air is extremely polluted. In addition, the average dry deposition velocities for ambient air total arsenic (As) at Bei-shi, Chang-hua, He-mei, Quanxing and Gao-mei were 0.60 (cm/sec), 0.57 (cm/sec), 0.73 (cm/sec), 0.67 (cm/sec) and 0.66 (cm/sec), respectively at these five characteristic sampling sites. The highest average seasonal variation for As, As(III) and As(V) in TSP and dry deposition were in winter and fall due to emissions from fossil fuel combustion by the nearby Taichung Thermal Power Plant (TTPP) and for household heating. The Noll and Fang model can be applied to predict dry deposition of As, As(III), and As(V) at these sampling sites.
Highlights
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) in urban areas has many sources, the majority of which are closely related to human activity
The results show that RDS0.5 has significantly lower particulate matter (PM) emissions, while the PM emissions of PFO 0.5 are higher than those of FBFA (Wu et al, 2010)
The highest average seasonal concentrations for As, As(III) and As(V) in total suspended particulates (TSP) occurred during fall and lowest average seasonal concentrations occurred during summer at the Bei-shi suburban/coastal, Quan-xing industrial, and Gao-mei wetland sampling sites
Summary
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) in urban areas has many sources, the majority of which are closely related to human activity. Heavy metals emissions from factories or car exhausts can result in serious environmental problems such as the restriction of atmospheric visibility, while their toxicity may present health problems to humans at certain concentrations (Milford and Davidson, 1985). The that point-source emissions were the predominant contributors (about 49.1%) to PM10 concentrations at Hsiung-Kong site industrial site in Kaohsiung City, followed by area sources (approximately 35.0%) and transport from neighboring areas (7.8%) (Wang and Chen, 2008). Results showed that major contribution of PM2.5 were the mobile source emissions with 45% (Vega et al, 2010). In the industrial emissions of the target pollutants depended upon the subareas and chemical types (Choi and Jo, 2011)
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