Abstract
The research presented in this study shows that the stability of pulse-width modulation inverters is strongly related to the short-circuit power, and especially to the frequency-dependent grid impedance (fGI) at the point of common coupling. Based on two different cases, it is shown that inverters can lead to unstable behaviour in a weak grid, independent of the nominal voltage level. With a set of field measurements, it is shown that the fGI is highly influenced by the number and type of connected inverters. It is discussed that commercial, power-grid simulation tools are not able to predict this kind of instability. Finally, some recommendations are made to ensure a stable operation of distribution grids with a large number of inverter-based grid elements.
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