Abstract
Background Surface slip of Newtonian fluids has been a topic ofrenewed interest over the past 15 years. [1,2] Observation of finite slip, in contradiction of the non-slip boundary condition, has become common. It is possible to directly observe a solid-liquid velocity discontinuity using optical methods, but the most precise experiments have been surface force measurements using the surface force apparatus (SFA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. Quantitative measurements of slip length have not yielded clear dependencies on variables such as strain rate, surface texture, and surface chemistry. An important series of techniques for surface force investigations involve measurement of the cohesive force between a fluid and an ultrasonically oscillating surface. In particular, a customized composite torsional oscillator [3] (G. R. Willmott and J. L. Tallon, unpubl. data) has recently emerged as a versatile, high-precision tool for probing cohesive fluid-solid surface forces and, therefore, slip.
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