Abstract
We present a theoretical description of the ultrasensitive cavity-enhanced spectroscopic technique called noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy (NICE OHMS) for the case of transitions described by a Voigt line shape. The two levels of modulation used in NICE OHMS are treated with the standard theory for frequency modulation spectroscopy and a Fourier description of wavelength modulation spectroscopy. We compare predicted line shapes with experimental results for pressure-broadened transitions in molecular oxygen and show that our description can be used to determine the spectroscopic parameters. A key aspect of this research is the application of NICE OHMS to broad absorption features across a range of wavelengths, and etalon effects are shown to limit the detection sensitivity.
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