Measurement of plasma gentamicin concentrations postchemical ciliary body ablation in dogs with chronic glaucoma.

Abstract

To investigate the absorption of gentamicin into the plasma after an intravitreal injection in dogs and to report the success rate of this procedure in lowering the intraocular pressure. Twenty-four client-owned dogs with chronic, end-stage glaucoma. Dogs received a unilateral (22) or bilateral (2) intravitreal injection of 25-40mg of gentamicin (mean±SD dose 2.57±1.65mg/kg and range 0.61-7.50mg/kg) and 1mg of dexamethasone per eye. Blood samples were collected at various time points following the intravitreal injection. Plasma concentrations of gentamicin were determined by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The total plasma concentration of gentamicin ranged from 0.21 to 9.71μg/mL (mean±SD 2.15±2.03). The mean gentamicin CMAX was 2.29μg/mL at 2.54h with a terminal half-life of 9.8h. The success rate of the chemical ablation procedure was 86.4% (19/22 eyes) in dogs that had at least 1month of follow-up. Intravitreal injection of gentamicin in eyes with chronic glaucoma resulted in detectable plasma levels in dogs and was successful in lowering the intraocular pressure in 86.4% of the eyes after the first procedure.