Abstract
Background: Early mortality rate due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is approximately 30%, and half of these deaths occur before reaching a hospital. The prevention and early detection play a key role in reducing mortality in AMI. Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α) are most recent prognostic biomarkers for AMI. The present study was aimed to evaluate the level of these cytokines in AMI.
 Methods: In this case control study, 39 patients with AMI were compared with 30 healthy subjects. Age, sex and other possible confounding factors were matched. AMI diagnosis was confirmed by typical symptoms, electrocardiogram changes and serum concentration of troponin I and creatine kinase-MB. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 an HGF at baseline and 3 and 7 days later were measured using ELISA method.
 Results: Levels of IL-6, TNF-α and HGF increased over time after AMI with ST-segment elevation in study group. The baseline IL-6 levels in AMI group were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).
 Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that baseline levels of IL-6 as well as serial changes of serum IL-6, TNF-α and HGF concentrations can be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers in AMI.
Highlights
One of the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, especially in many developed countries is coronary artery disease (CAD).1 In some countries CAD is the cause of nearly half (48%) of the deaths, and as a result loss of the productivity of life
In the biochemical components of blood analysis there were no significant difference between groups in fasting blood sugar (FBS), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), Total cholesterol (TC), TG, BUN, Creatinine, Hemoglobin, and Hematocrit (P>0.05)
In cytokine assay between groups at baseline, Interleukin 6 (IL-6) in case group was significantly higher than control group (P=0.001) but differences in Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α) are not significant (P>0.05)
Summary
One of the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, especially in many developed countries is coronary artery disease (CAD). In some countries CAD is the cause of nearly half (48%) of the deaths, and as a result loss of the productivity of life. One of the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, especially in many developed countries is coronary artery disease (CAD).. Recent studies showed that some inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10) were predictors for cardiovascular outcome. . During the first 48 hours of an ACS, IL-6 has been proved a great predictor of a major adverse cardiovascular event over the first month after the initial coronary event and the first year.. During the first 48 hours of an ACS, IL-6 has been proved a great predictor of a major adverse cardiovascular event over the first month after the initial coronary event and the first year.9 Mortality rate due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is approximately 30%, and half of these deaths occur before reaching a hospital. The present study was aimed to evaluate the level of these cytokines in AMI
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