Abstract
Most outdoor-to-indoor (O2I) propagation studies in millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency bands have been focused on power loss characteristics such as building penetration and building entry losses. To provide robust traffic services, knowledge of the multipath propagation characteristics is required in the design and evaluation of mmWave 5G systems. In this paper, we investigate the multipath dispersion characteristics of O2I propagation in the angular and delay domains. This study is based on field measurement data conducted at 32 GHz in two different office building sites: traditional building and thermally-efficient building. To derive reliable statistics, we collected measurement data at as many points as possible throughout the building areas (including various environments such as open-space offices, conference rooms, classical closed-room offices, computer labs, halls, corridors, etc). By analyzing power angular and power delay profiles, we found that there were two dominant signal directions and we considered how this property can be utilized in mmWave beamforming. By comparing the angular and delay spreads, we found that the angular and delay statistics do not show any significant differences between the two building measurements. We believe that the property of dominant beam directions, as well as the dispersion statistics (angular and delay spreads), will be useful in the 5G system design.
Highlights
For successful deployment of 5G mobile networks in millimeter-wave bands, relevant propagation/ channel characteristics have been studied in various perspectives, for system design and planning, and for frequency sharing and spectrum allocation
To provide helpful information for the 5G mmWave system design, in this paper, we investigate such delay and angular dispersion characteristics of O2I propagation based on extensive measurements at 32 GHz
Compared to our prior work [21], this paper focuses on multipath characteristics
Summary
For successful deployment of 5G mobile networks in millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands, relevant propagation/ channel characteristics have been studied in various perspectives, for system design and planning, and for frequency sharing and spectrum allocation. According to the Recommendation [11], buildings are classified into two types, depending on the window materials (and not by actual years of construction): traditional buildings and thermallyefficient buildings This model deals only with the propagation losses and does not provide any information on multipath characteristics such as angular and delay spreads. Bas et al [7] reported O2I propagation characteristics, including penetration loss, delay and angular spreads, based on 28 GHz measurements. In their measurements, foliage and beam incidence angle effects were combined with the O2I propagation.
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