Abstract
The micro/nano current is an important characteristic to reflect the electrohydrodynamic direct-writing (EDW) process. In this paper, a direct-written current measurement system with a high signal to noise ratio was proposed to monitor the charged jets, providing the data basis for the promotion of stability and precision of the EDW jet. The electrical characteristics of the printing process were studied, the electrohydrodynamic direct-written current was associated with the stability of charged jet and the accuracy of direct-written patterns. There was an impulse current when the front end of the jet reached the collector and then a stable jet could be gained. With the increase of applied voltage, the severe fluctuation of measured current increased, the charged jet became more unstable and the accuracy of direct-written parallel lines was lower. The effects of processing parameters on direct-written current were also investigated. The average direct-written current at the stable stage increased as the applied voltage and polymer concentration increased, and it decreased as the distance from the nozzle to the collector increased. This research will promote the development and applications of EDW technology in the fields of micro/nano manufacturing.
Highlights
With the advantages of easy integration and high deposition accuracy, electrohydrodynamic direct-writing (EDW) [1,2] has displayed great potential applications in various fields, such as flexible electronics [3,4], nanofluidic chips [5,6], and micro/nano sensors [7,8]
A micro/nano current measurement system of electrohydrodynamic direct-writing with high noise to signal ratio was developed, providing a quantifiable, high-precision real-time measurement method
The electrical characteristics of electrohydrodynamic direct-writing were charaFcitgeurrizee8d.vF.oiRAgltueafrlgteaeet8uri.ontndRheseerhladihtpiifoifgnebrshehenitvptwsoboeleleuttwantigoeneaenvcwoeanvracaeesrgnaetagreapeteiploleenlccistte.rrTdoohh,heyaydddrilosartdaoryngdnceyeamnbaeaimctmwdoeiiercunecndstp-tiwironernifctettfre-renwteacernuidtcrtrheeconnaltlreagccnuteodrsrraaeapnncpdtclituehademndulaaptpedlieodn the polymvoelrtadgreoupsnoldeluettsriodantisfuftpehrpeelynnrtaostzeozwluleetri,eow6nmhcmoicnahcnedwn1t0ar0asμtdiLo/rnhisv, .reeTsnpheetcotdivdiesletyaf. nocrembeintwtoeeanjsept ianfnteerrewt aanrddsc.oSlluecbtsoerqaunedntthley, the chargseosluwt4ioe. nrCeosnturcpalupnslsyiofenrarsrteedwaerloe n6gmtmheajnedt t1o00foμrLm/ha, rdeisrpeecctt-iwverliytt. en current, which was associated with the stability of charged jet and the accuracy of direct-written patterns
Summary
With the advantages of easy integration and high deposition accuracy, electrohydrodynamic direct-writing (EDW) [1,2] has displayed great potential applications in various fields, such as flexible electronics [3,4], nanofluidic chips [5,6], and micro/nano sensors [7,8]. There would be a complex surrounding electromagnetic field and the ejection and deposition behaviors of charged jet are disturbed by the surrounding interferences, introducing more noise into the measurement of direct-written current, which makes it difficult to realize the accurate detection of current signal. As a direct visible characteristic of charged jet, the accurate detection and measurement of at a low noise level could reflect the jet behavior more exactly, which can be used for the precise position controlling of direct-written micro/nano structure. It is urgent to realize the real-time accurate measurement of micro/nano direct-written current for the industrial application of EDW technology. A micro/nano direct-written current measurement system with high signal to noise ratio was developed to investigate the real-time electrical characteristics of direct-written jet and the effect of processing parameters on the direct-written current
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