Abstract
Laminar sheath gas is introduced to increase the stability of Electrohydrodynamic Direct-Writing (EDW). The external stretching force from sheath gas promotes the ejection threshold, the diameter of jet and printed fibers as well. The critical voltage decreases with the increase of sheath gas pressure. The stretching force from sheath gas decreases the diameter of printed fiber as well as that of charged jet. As sheath gas pressure increases from 0 to 25 kPa, the average diameter of micro/nano structure reduces from 4.46μm to 845.25 nm. The laminar field flow of sheath gas shelters the charged jet free from the surrounding interferences, and helps charged jet to move in a straight line. With the help of sheath gas, the stability of charged jet can be improved to direct-write precise complex micro-pattern. The position precision of direct-written pattern is less than 5μm. As a novel method, EDW with laminar sheath gas would promote the deposition precision of printed micro/nano structure and its application.
Highlights
Direct-writing is a universal micro/nano manufacturing technique, by which sub-micro scale features can be fabricated directly without template or photolithographic process.[1,2] Complex micro/nano pattern can be made directly through the direct-writing process
Electrohydrodynamic Direct-Write (EDW) is a novel micro/nano printing technology based on Near-Field Electrospinning (NFES).[19,20]
Force and other interference factors, charged jet would deviate from the straight trajectory and the position precision of electrohydrodynamic Direct-Write (EDW) micro/nano structure would decrease
Summary
Direct-writing is a universal micro/nano manufacturing technique, by which sub-micro scale features can be fabricated directly without template or photolithographic process.[1,2] Complex micro/nano pattern can be made directly through the direct-writing process. Force and other interference factors, charged jet would deviate from the straight trajectory and the position precision of EDW micro/nano structure would decrease. The effects of residual charge on the deposited fiber have become the biggest obstacles for the formation of complex pattern and integral manufacture of micro/nano system.[25,26] Several auxiliary methods has been developed to overcome the surrounding interferences and to gain precise micro fibrous pattern.[27]. The laminar sheath gas provides excellent constraint and shield effects to promote the stability of charged jet, which is a good way to direct-write the precise micro-patterns. The constraint and guidance effects of sheath gas, which help charged jet to overcome the interferences from surrounding patterns, enhance the jet stability and promote the deposition precision of printed micro/nano structure
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